RBA Interest Rate Decision Preview – May 20, 2025
As the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) prepares to announce its monetary policy decision on May 20, 2025, market consensus and economic indicators strongly suggest a 25 basis point cut to the official cash rate, bringing it down from 4.10% to 3.85%. This would mark the second rate cut in the current easing cycle, following a similar move in February.
Key Drivers Behind the Expected Rate Cut
- Softening Inflation and Economic Growth
Recent inflation data has shown a continued moderation, aligning with the RBA’s medium-term target of 2–3%. Coupled with subdued consumer spending and a cooling housing market, the economic environment supports a more accommodative monetary stance - Labour Market Stability with Emerging Slack
While the job market remains relatively stable, wage growth has slowed to 0.9% in the latest quarter, and participation rates are showing early signs of declineThese trends reduce the risk of wage-driven inflation and give the RBA room to ease policy. - Global Economic Uncertainty
Governor Michele Bullock has emphasized the importance of monitoring global financial conditions, particularly in light of geopolitical tensions and slowing growth in key trading partnersA rate cut would help buffer the domestic economy against external shocks. - Market and Lender Expectations
Financial markets have fully priced in a 25 basis point cut, and major lenders have already begun reducing home loan rates in anticipationThis preemptive move by banks reflects strong confidence in the RBA’s direction and aims to stimulate borrowing and investment. - Diverging Views on the Magnitude of the Cut
While the consensus is for a 25 basis point reduction, some economists and commentators, such as Stephen Koukoulas, argue for a more aggressive 50 basis point cut to avoid “unnecessary pain” and bring rates closer to the estimated neutral level of 3.0–3.25% . However, the RBA is likely to proceed cautiously to maintain credibility and flexibility.
Outlook Beyond May
The Reuters poll indicates that two additional rate cuts are expected before the end of 2025. This suggests a gradual easing cycle aimed at supporting growth while ensuring inflation remains anchored.
Chart Details:
- Blue line: Actual RBA rates up to May 2025, peaking at 4.35% and holding steady until a cut to 4.10% in February 2025.
- Red line: Forecasted rate cuts:
- 3.85% on May 20, 2025
- 3.60% in July
- 3.35% in August
- 3.10% in November
- 2.85% by February 2026
Conclusion:
The RBA is widely expected to cut the cash rate by 25 basis points to 3.85% on May 20, 2025. This move reflects a balancing act between supporting a slowing economy and maintaining vigilance on inflation. While some advocate for a bolder cut, the RBA is likely to opt for a measured approach, preserving optionality for future decisions.
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